[프로그램 평가] 다양한 활용(Evaluation utilisation terms)

도구적 활용 (Instrumental utilisation):  
특정 프로그램에 대한 조치를 알리기 위해 평가 결과를 직접 적용하는 것(예: 교과 과정 수정, 프로그램 확장 또는 종료 등의 조치)
Direct application of evaluation findings (usually in the near-term) to inform action about a specified programme (e.g., actions such as curricular modification, programme expansion or termination) 

개념적 활용 (Conceptual utilisation):
평가 결과를 적용하여 특정 프로그램 또는 유사한 유형의 개입에 대한 특정 청중의 인식 변화에 영향을 미치는 것
Application of evaluation findings to influence a change in the way a given audience thinks about aspects of a specific programme or similar types of intervention 

과정 활용 (Process use):
평가 '과정' 동안 발생하는 학습의 '기능'으로 인해 이해관계자의 참여로 인한 행동, 프로그램 개념화 또는 조직 절차 및 문화의 변화
Changes in behaviour, programme conceptualisation or organisational procedures and culture that can be attributed to stakeholders' involvement in evaluation 'as a function' of learning that occurs during the 'evaluation process' 

상징적 활용 (Symbolic use):
지위 또는 정치적 자본을 확보하기 위해 평가를 사용하는 것(예: 영향력 과시 또는 채용)
Use of an evaluation to secure status or political capital (e.g., recruitment or showcasing impact) 

정당화 활용 (Legitimative use):  
평가를 사용하여 사전 결정을 정당화하는 것(예: 프로그램 변경에 대한 결정을 내리기 위해 평가 의뢰)
Use of evaluation to justify a priori decisions (e.g., commissioning an evaluation in order to gain leverage for a decision about a programme change that has already been made) 

오용 (Misuse):
개인적 또는 프로그램적 이익을 얻기 위해 평가 과정 또는 결과를 의도적으로(또는 악의적으로) 조작하는 것(예: 비효과적인 프로그램의 지속 자금을 정당화하기 위해 평가 보고서 결과를 고르는 것)
Intentional (or malicious) manipulation of evaluation processes or results in order to secure personal or programmatic gain (e.g., cherry-picking evaluation report findings to justify continued funding of a programme the report indicates is ineffective) 

비활용 (Non-use):
평가 결과에 대한 수동적이고 의도하지 않은 무시 '또는' 낮은 데이터 품질 또는 더 설득력 있고 품질 높은 데이터 원본의 가용성으로 인한 의도적인 비활용
Passive, unintentional disregard of evaluation findings 'or' intentional disuse as a result of poor data quality or availability of more persuasive, higher-quality data sources 

 

출처: Onyura, B. (2020). Useful to whom? Evaluation utilisation theory and boundaries for programme evaluation scope. Medical Education, 54(12), 1100-1108.