역량: 지식, 스킬, 태도(Competence: Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes)

역량: 개인과 봉사하는 공동체의 이익을 위해 의사소통, 지식, 기술적 기술, 임상적 추론, 감정, 가치관 및 성찰을 일상적으로 습관적이고 현명하게 사용하는 것
Medical competence can be defined as: “The habitual and judicious use of communication, knowledge, technical skills, clinical reasoning, emotions, values and reflection in daily practice for the benefit of the individual and the community being served.”18 

지식: 학습자료의 이해로 이끌어주는 [사실의 배경]과 [사실들 사이의 상호작용]
Knowledge can be defined as: “…a background of facts and interactions between facts that should lead to an understanding of the material being learned”20 

태도: 주어진 대상에 대해 지속적으로 유리하거나 불리한 방식으로 반응하는 학습된 성향
Attitudes can be defined as “…a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favourable or unfavourable manner with respect to a given object.”19 

출처: Abela, J. C. (2009). Adult learning theories and medical education: a review.

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[직업에 필요한 능력]은 둘 다 포함한다.  
 - 개념(지식, 지식 및 이해) 및  
 - 운영(기능, 기능 및 응용 기술) 역량.  
The competences required of an occupation include both  
 - conceptual (cognitive, knowledge and understanding) and  
 - operational (functional,psycho-motor and applied skill) competences.  

[개인의 효율성]과 더 관련된 역량 또한 다음과 같다.  
 - 개념(배우는 법을 포함한 능력) 및  
 - 운영(행동 및 태도를 포함한 사회적 역량) 
The competences more associated with individual effectiveness are also both  
 - conceptual (meta-competence, including learning to learn) and  
 - operational (social competence, including behaviours and attitudes) 

[인지적, 기능적 및 사회적 역량]의 첫 번째 세 가지 차원은 상당히 보편적이며 프랑스의 접근 방식(savour, savour fair, savour eètre)은 물론 훈련 직업의 오랜 KSA(지식, 기술 및 태도)와 명확하게 일치한다. 따라서,  
 - 지식(그리고 이해)은 인지 능력에 의해 포착된다.  
 - 스킬은 기능적 역량에 의해 포착된다.  
 - '역량'(근본적이고 태도적)은 사회적 역량에 의해 포착된다. 
The first three dimensions, cognitive, functional and social competences, are fairly universal and are clearly consistent with the French approach (savoir, savoir faire,savoir eˆtre) as well as the longstanding KSA (knowledge, skills and attitudes) of the training profession. Thus,  
knowledge (and understanding) is captured by cognitive competence,  
skills are captured by functional competence and  
‘competencies’(behavioural and attitudinal) are captured by social competence 
[메타 역량]은 다른 실질적 역량의 획득을 촉진하는 것과 관련이 있기 때문에 처음의 3차원과는 다소 다르다.
Meta-competence is rather different from the first three dimensions since it is concerned with facilitating the acquisition of the other substantive competences.

 

 

출처: Le Deist, F. D., & Winterton, J. (2005). What is competence?. Human resource development international, 8(1), 27-46.